Romania’s ruling pro-EU coalition collapsed on Tuesday after Prime Minister Ilie Bolojan was ousted in a no-confidence motion in the country's parliament. The defeat follows months of tensions over austerity measures as Bucharest struggles with the highest budget deficit in the EU.
The motion passed 281-4 after a debate on a joint effort launched by the left-wing Social Democratic Party (PSD), which withdrew from the governing coalition late last month, and the right-wing opposition Alliance for the Union of Romanians (AUR) party.
Bolojan called the motion “cynical and artificial” during the parliamentary debate, insisting that he took “urgent and necessary” measures to address the country’s economic crisis.
Critics, however, have argued that after ten months in power, Bolojan and the four-party pro-EU government failed to bring any real improvements for citizens. AUR leader George Simion celebrated the vote, writing on social media that Romanians had only “received taxes, war and poverty” under the government and called for snap elections, which are, however, considered unlikely before 2028.
Why is Romania's politics so unstable
The current government and the four-party coalition were set up in June 2025 by President Nicusor Dan after winning a controversial election rerun that critics argue was orchestrated to keep anti-European forces out of power and appease EU and NATO interest groups.
Romania hosts one of NATO's largest regional airbases at Mihail Kogalniceanu near the Black Sea which is currently being expanded to become the bloc’s biggest airbase in Europe. Meanwhile, the country has also become a significant market for Western European exports and a source of cheaper labour for EU-based companies.
Annulment of Georgescu’s victory
The initial election round, held in December 2024, was won by independent anti-NATO and anti-EU candidate Calin Georgescu who advocated for restoring Romania’s sovereignty and opposed the EU’s confrontational stance towards Russia.
However, Romania’s Constitutional Court, under pressure from Brussels, infamously overturned the result, citing an alleged Russian TikTok interference campaign. While no evidence was ever provided for the accusations, TikTok has testified that it saw no coordinated Russian operation boosting Georgescu but constantly received demands from EU-funded NGOs to remove content supporting the nationalist candidate.
Georgescu was later detained, charged with incitement against the constitutional order, and barred from running in the 2025 rerun. The charges were subsequently reduced to charges of promoting “far-right propaganda.”
The EU’s democratic backsliding
The treatment of Georgescu has been widely criticized, including in the US, where the House Judiciary Committee concluded in February that Brussels had used unproven Russian interference claims to overturn the 2024 election results. The committee’s report described the move as “the most aggressive censorship steps” taken by the EU in recent years.
US Vice President J.D. Vance told the Munich Security Conference in February 2025 that it was “ugly” to see a politician with an alternative viewpoint being blocked from power and accused Europe of backsliding on the most fundamental democratic values.
Georgescu himself has argued that his victory was overturned by the “globalist mafia” because NATO intends to “launch World War III from Romania” and was opposed to his campaign focused on peace.
What happens next
President Dan is expected to begin consultations with party leaders to form a new government as Romania faces an August deadline to complete reforms and unlock around €11 billion in EU funding while a credit rating downgrade remains a risk, according to Politico.
